Carbureter.



No. 7l5,9'42. Patented 000.16, I902.

J. A. BARBER.

GABBURETER.

(Application filed Sept. 20, 1902.)

(No Model.)

3 Shuts-Sheet l.

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Patented Dec. I6, I902.

J. A. BARBER.

GA'HBURETEB.

(Application filed Sept. 20, 1902.)

3 Sheets-Sheet 2.

(No Model.)

I Wiigzsszs w: Ncnms puns co. Pnoruuwn" wasumo'mn n c UNITED STATES PATENT OFFICE.

JEREMIAH A. BARBER, OF BUTLER, INDIANA.

CARBURETER.

SPECIFICATION forming part of Letters Patent N 0. 715,942, dated December 16, 1902.

Application filed September 20, 1902. fierial No. 124,251. (No model.)

To all whom it may concern.-

Be it known that LJEREMIAH A. BARBER, a

citizen of the United States,residin g at Butler,

in the count-y of Dekalb and State of Indiana,

have invented a new and useful'Oai'bureter,

cipal object to provide an apparatus of simple construction whereby gas may be manufactured as required and admixed with any suitable quantity of air to form a burning mixture, which may be used foreither lighting or heating purposes.

A further object of the-invention is to provide an improved means for utilizing the waste heat developed in the manufacture of gas for raising the temperature of the liquid hydrocarbon, so that it may be readily vaporized; and a further object is to provide an improved form of subflame-burner for the heating of the retort in which the hydrocarbon is vaporized.

A still further object of the invention is to provide for the adjustment of the area of the air-inlet openings, through which air passes to dilute the vapor, and thus regulate the candle-power of the gas.

With these and other objects in view the invention consists in the novel combination and arrangement of parts hereinafter described, illustrated in the accompanying drawings, and particularly pointed out in the appended claims, it being understood that various changes in the form, proportions, size, and minor details of the structure may be made without departing from the spirit or sacrificing any of the advantages of the invention.

In the accompanying drawings, Figure 1 is a perspective view of a gas-manufacturing apparatus constructed in accordance with the invention. Fig.2 is a sectional elevation of the same. Fig. 3 is a detail sectionalview-,drawn to an enlarged scale, of the burner, theretort-vaporizer, and the mixing-box. Fig. 4 is a detail perspective view of a form of spreader-plate which it is preferred to employ in the burner. Fig. 5 is a detail view illustrating a slight modification of the invention.

' Similar nu merals of reference are employed to'indicate corresponding parts throughout the several figures of the drawings.

In the manufacture of gas in accordance with the present invention it is preferred to employ a liquid hydrocarbon which may be readily vaporized without the deposit .of an excessive quantity of carbonaceous residue, and gasolene is generally employed for the purpose.

The gasolene is placed in a vertically-disposed tank l, in the upper portion of which is connected the discharge-pipe of a suitable form of air-pump, a small hand-pump 2 being generally employed in connection with small plants, such as are commonly used in the lighting of a single building. The gasolene is kept under suitable pressure and is forced out through a pipe 3 to a retort-vaporizer 4, preferably in the form of a circular chamber, from which the vapor escapes through an outlet-pipe 5, controlled by a valve 6, and the supply of gasolene to the retort is regulated by a valve 7 in the pipe 3.

- Immediately below the vaporizing-chamber isa subflame-burner 8, which is supported by a vertically-adjustable collar 9 on the upper portion of the pipe 3. The burner 8 is in the form of a cylindrical casing encircling-the pipe 3 and provided with an open top and closed bottom. At one side of the cylindrical casing is an inlet-passage 10, disposed'immediately in front of a nipple 11, which communicates through a pipe 12 with the vaporizingchamber 4:, a portion of the hydrocarbon vapor passing through the pipe and nipple and being forced through the passage 10 to the interior of the burner-casing, the jet of vapor drawing in with. it a suitable quantity of air, which mixes with the vapor to form a burning mixture. In the cylindrical casing of the burner is a perforated sheet-metal cylinder 13, slightly spaced from the inner wall of the cylinder to form an annular chamber,to which the burning mixture is forced and thence passes through the perforations, the flame be ing divided into a number of small jets which impinge on the upper portion of the pipe 3 and thence are directed into contact with the IOC lower portion of the retort-vaporizer 4:. In some cases the burning mixture will not be evenly distributed in the chamber, and in order to spread the vaporI preferably employ an auxiliary spreader-plate 15, arranged at the inner end of the passage 10, said plate being provided with minute perforations, which will permit the passage of a small portion of the vapor directly in front of the passage 10, but will direct the body of the vapor in two pathsaround the chamber and permita more equal action of the flame at all points on the pipe and retort. A deflecting or spreader plate is preferably provided with perforations of diiferent size, those directly in front of the passage 10 being very minute, while the diameter of said openings gradually increases toward the opposite ends of the plate and permits the more ready passage of the vapor after the direct force of the entering jet has been checked.

The vapor from the retort 4 passes upward into a mixing-box 16 in the form of a rectangular chamber having a sliding end portion 17, which may be opened to admit air to the interior of the box. Immediately above the gas-outlet 5 is the lower open end of a pipe 18, through which a mixed volume of air and gas passes to the point of consumption. The lower section of the pipe 18 is threaded and screws into a threaded opening in the upper portion of the box and is locked in position by a jam-nut 19, and a coupling-section at the upper end of the threaded pipe is provided with an elongated threaded portion in order to permit vertical adjustment of the threaded end of said pipe in order that the open end may be brought into proximity to the outlet end of the pipe 5. The adjustment of the lower end of the pipe 18 allows the operator to regulate the quantity of air mixed with the gas,the candle-power of the gas being changed in accordance with the purpose for which it is intended.

Above the threaded portion of the pipe 18 is a hot-air deflector 21, into which a portion of the heated air and products of combustion from the subfiame-burner will be gathered, and from said hot-air deflector extends a pipe 22, leading directly through the gasolene-reservoir, in order that the heat from the gaseous products of combustion may be utilized to raise the temperature of the gasolene and lessen the consumption of vapor necessary to convert the liquid hydrocarbon into vapor or gas. The pipe 18 passes through the heating-pipe 22, and the vapor in said pipe is heatedin order to prevent condensation, it being found that a certain percentage of the vapor or gas will fall where the supply-pipe is in direct contact with the contents of the tank.

Instead of introducing the hydrocarbon into the retort-vaporizer in liquid form I may connect the generator with the upper portion of the reservoir by a pipe 30 and employ the vapor formed by the heating of the gasolene by the heating-pipe 22, as shown by dotted lines in Fig. 2 and in full lines in Fig. 5. In such cases the vapor is conducted directly to the generating-chamber and there subjected to heat from the subflameburner in the same manner as is practiced in connection with the liquid hydrocarbon, the quantity of vapor consumed at the burner being materially lessened and the process being carried on without the annoyance attendant on the use of comparatively large volumes of gasolene for vaporizing purposes. In such cases the airpump may be entirely disconnected, the pressure of the vapor due to expansion of the contents of the reservoir causing suflicient pressure to force the vapor into the generator.

Having thus described my invention, what I claim is- 1. The combination of the reservoir, a heating-pipe extending therethrough, a retortvaporizer in communication with the reservoir, a burner arranged below the vaporizingchamber and connected therewith, a gas-sup ply pipe leading through the heating-pipe and serving to convey the burning mixture to a point of consumption, and a hot-air deflector arranged above the burner and adapted to direct the products of combustion from the burner through said heating-pipe.

2. The combination of the reservoir, a heatingpipe extending therethrough, a retortvaporizer in communication with the reservoir, a burner arranged below the vaporizingchamher and connected therewith, a perforated deflectonplate carried by the burner at a point in .alinement with the vaporizingchamber connection and adapted to deflect the burning mixture, and a gas-supply pipe leading from the vaporizing chamber and through the heating-pipe to a point of consumption.

3. The combination of the reservoir, a retort-vaporizer connected therewith, means for heating the retort, a mixing-box having at one end an adjustable cover, a pipe leading between the retort and the mixing-box, a supply-pipe leading from the mixing-box to a point of consumption, said supply-pipe having a threaded lower section adapted to a threaded opening in the mixing-box and adjustable to regulate the quantity of air admitted to the supply-pipe, and means for looking the pipe in its adjusted position.

4. The combination of the reservoir, a heat- -ingpipe extending therethrough, a retortvaporizer, a burner disposed below the vaporizer and in communication therewith, a mixing-box having a valved opening at one end, a pipe connecting the vaporizing-chamber to the mixing-box, a supply-pipe leading through the heating-pipe and having an adjustable lower section connected to the mixing-box, and a hot-air deflector disposed above the retort-vaporizer and mixing-box and adapted to direct the waste products of combustion and heated air through said heating-pipe.

5. In an apparatus of the class described,

a reservoir, a. retort-vaporizer, a burner dis- I posed below and in communication with the retort-vaporizer, a heating-pipe for conveying the waste products of combustion and heated air through the reservoir to partly vaporize the hydrocarbon, and a vapor-pipe leading from a point above the liquid-line of the reservoir to the retort-Vaporizer.

In testimony that I claim the foregoing as I my own I have hereto affixed my signature in 10 the presence of two witnesses.

JEREMIAH A. BARBER.

Witnesses:

WALLACE O. WEBSTER, CHARLES L. BOTHWELL. 

